Evaluation

Artists regularly sing to conform to their target audience, it all depends on the style and genre of music. This has been a gradual progress for all artists, but they all have a specific audience to which their music caters for.  An example of having a target audience would be Justin Beiber. His audience can range for a spread of ages, however, his music is mainly prepared for his largest chunk of listeners, consisting of girls between the ages 6 to 16. 
                It is important for artists to have a specific target audience. They can specify their music to go alongside the music they enjoy, this saves money for the artist, rather than having to waste money recording music their audience will not purchase. 

Eden and I considered who would be the target audience for 'Florence + The Machine'. Florence's style is natural, wild and has an idle 'hippy' feel. This image is idolised by the younger audiences, specifically around the ages 14-24. She is renowned for her unique fashion taste and style of music. However, because her music is so different, it is hard to pinpoint a sepcific audience, as there are a range of age groups that appreciate her unique style.

We surveyed 40 strangers for our questionnaires, with some broad and some narrowed questions that applied specifically to Florence + The Machine. (To see the questionnaire please follow this link- http://whhssimmonsmmusicvideo.blogspot.co.uk/2012/10/questionnaire.html )
These questionnaires have been helpful in gaining information that is 'straight to the point'- this was ensured by the simple closed questions, or the specific wording we put for the questions. I feel we had covered many questions that are easy for the audience to give simple answers, yet we learn a lot from what the have answered. Some of our questions were based on Florence (e.g- "Do you listen to Florence + The Machine?"), and other questions were based on a broader audience (e.g- "What is your favourite genre?").

Using the cameras, we also did "vox pop" interviews (http://whhssimmonsmmusicvideo.blogspot.co.uk/2012/10/interviews.html)
These videos were helpful in gaining visual information, however, due to little time, we could not ask a variety of questions. Upon reflection, we also could have diverted questions, as if the interviewee said they were not familiar with Florence's music, we would ask if they could list three of their songs. We had not prepared ourselves with back-up questions, and therefore I feel we shoud re-do some of the voxpop videos.

Copyright

Copyright is the permission given to a person(s) for the use and re-creation of artistic materials. The permission holder are then able to edit this material by printing, publishing or performing. Likewise it is the recording of literary, musical and artistic material. It is the right to copy something- hence 'copyright'.

Copyright in the music industry is effective in the protection of ones lyrics and melody within a song.

The gross misconduct against this material will result in a hefty fine or imprisonment 

To create our video on Florence + The Machines, we had to get permission from the bands record label, in order to save and make use of their song 'Spectrum: Say my name'. This also meant tracking down the several contact details. Some were easier than others, as their contact details were on their website and easily accessible. Others however were more difficult to track, but we managed to find them eventually. 
To gain permission we had to first locate the bands different record labels, including 'LuvLuvLuv Records' and 'Island Records'. We have emailed them several several times and as of yet have not yet received a response. Below is evidence of the emails sent to the different recording labels in order to gain permission. 

Here is one of the emails I have sent to the record label attempting to gain permission. 

Research Into Chosen Genre

'(Spectrum) Say My Name' falls into the electro house genre. Commonly, the electro-house genre consists of  high pitched riffs and prominent baselines . Examples of famous artists that regularly conform to this genre consists of:-

- Calvin Harris
- Dead Mau5
- David Guetta
- Daft Punk

It is the fusion of electronic and house music. Therefore it is 'heavy on the bass' and energetic.

Deadmau5 feat. Chris James - The Veldt (Music Video)

This is an animated music video. This shows the the viewer that it is highly creative and gives the viewer an idea for a promising, unseen music video. The storyline is extremely simple, an animated boy and girl go through a door and find themselves in what we presume to be Africa.

The simple contrast of the orange sky and black silhouettes adds a mystical effect. The graphics are not amazing, but the audience are able to identify certain expressions through the characters eyes. The calm music matches the visual, therefore conforms to Goodwins theory of parallel music and imagery. Orange connotes fascination, creativity, attraction and encouragement and therefore matches well with the video where they introduce the characters into Africa. Although the whole idea is peace, we are introduced to the dangerous animals (such as the lion) that stands out due to the white eyes and bright red blood that drips from its mouth. 

The bright red connotes danger, which therefore makes the protagonists run. This introduces a quicker pace to the song. The idea of the music video goes against the typical electro-house genre, because usually there are various up-beat, club scenes with strobe lights.

This animation challenges the stereotypical , as does the song, which is not a typical electro-house 'sound', however it still falls into the same category.

Fall Out Boy- My Song Knows What You Did In The Dark (Light 'em Up)

This music video strongly conforms to Goodwins theory in that the lyrics and visuals match on the words 'Light 'em Up' and 'I'm on fire'. This is because throughout the video, famous rap artist '2 Chainz' burns a collection of albums of Fall Out Boys old work. Alongside '2 Chainz' there are two women in provocative clothing whilst also acting in a way that the audience view them as sexually attractive. This conforms to the theory of vouyersim- where women are seen in a sexual light within a video- and therefore conforms to Goodwins' music video theory.

This video is dimly exposed, this illuminates the fire for visual effect. The dark colours add mystery to the music video and emphasise the inner -rock sound that the music contains. '2 Chainz' and the two women go back and forth from a van to add albums and other band franchise the bonfire.
The fire suggests that the band are powerful, energetic and dangerous- something they try to promote within the rythtym of the song.

The main effect within this video consists of slow motion. This is done to emphasise the fires imagery to look creative within the video. Surprisingly, the footage cooperates with the fast pace by using quick cuts to match the beat of the song.

At the end of the song, the two women open the boot of the van to reveal four kidnapped characters tied up with sacks over their heads. this is humorous to the viewer as they understand that the kidnapped personelle are the band members. The idea of them being victimised by the characters is comical, but the audience are left with a cliff hanger as to what the characters will do with the victims.

This music video challenges the typical conventions of the electro-house genre. The song itself is not what you would expect to be categorised into electro house, nor the band that perform the music. However it is considered to be electro house through the technological use within the song. There are no typical conventions to the electro-house genre excluding the artist '2 Chainz' that is a feature character within the video.


Analysing these music videos have been helpful in giving me ideas and concepts for my own music video. I feel my knowledge has explanded in the genre and that I know how to challenge and conform to the electro-house genre. From the Fall Out Boy video I feel that using realistic locations is much more effective in order to allow the audience to connect with the artists. Also using normal clothing to challenge the genre would be effective in both adding to the unique story line and again, making the video more realistic and relatable. I feel that using naturalistic lighting will increase the audience satisfaction in the realism of the production, as well as challenging the electro house genre through not using club-scene lighting. My use of iconography will also be important, as the rose will represent the artist. This depth and strong emotional portrayal within the production will challenge the typical conventions.

Research Into Chosen Artist

Florence + The Machine are an indie rock/ alternative band. This is my preferred music genre, so I enjoy all of the music they produce. Florence has a fresh take to music, her songs are diverse, unique and portray a different sound to what has previously been created in the music industry. This makes it hard to compare Florence to other artists, within a mixture of songs there are some similar traits, but nothing exactly matches their style. A few artists with similar characteristics within their music consists of;

• Kate Nash
• La Roux
• Regina Spektor 
• Ellie Goulding
• The Temper Trap
• Sigur Ros
• Stereophonics
• The XX
• Vampire Weekend

Her music covers a range of instrumental and technological styles that keeps their music up-beat and easy to listen to. I enjoy the fact that they do not fit into a certain "category", and therefore their target audience is vastly increased.  I also find that with Florence + The Machines music, you can use spontaneous and picturesque shots to create your music video without necessarily giving it a narrative. 

The band members consist of lead singer Florence Welch, keyboard player Isabella "The Machine" Summers, guitarist Robert Ackroyd, Drummer Chris Hayden, Harpist Tom Monger and bassist Mark Saunders. Excluding Tom Monger, they are all backing vocals. The name 'Florence + The Machine' came from Florence and Isabella's teenage collaboration that had started off as a joke, which got out of hand. Florence signed on with 'Ashok' and recorded the early version of "kiss with a fist" formally known to be "Happy Slap"- however feeling she had made the wrong choice, she resigned and cancelled her contract. Mairead Nash, the bands manager, took on her position when a drunken Florence followed her into the toilets at a club. 
Florence's debut album 'Lungs' was released in July 2006, with the introduction of 'Dog Days are Over', 'Kiss with a Fist', 'You've got the Love' and 'Rabbit Heart (raise it up)'. These multi-successful tracks got Florence's well deserved recognition for her talent- the album peaked to number two for 5 weeks in the UK album charts.

The bands record labels include IAMSOUND Records, Moshi Moshi Records and Island records. Mairead Nash also works for LuvLuvLuv records, and therefore the band have a total of 4 record labels. Florence has done many different collaborations with artists, such as Dizzee Rascal. Her most recent collaboration was with Calvin Harris, this is for the song I have chosen to base my project on- "Spectrum (Say my Name)". Her band has previously won 15 awards, including a Brit, as well as being nominated for 38 others. They also performed as a sub-headliner on the main stage at reading festival 2012. 
Her second album, Ceremonials became more popular than her first. Below is a diagram showing her chart sales.  (Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florence_and_the_Machine_discography)  

Music video analysis- 1 - Cosmic Love

'Cosmic Love' is a song from Florence + The Machines second album 'ceremonials'. Florence herself described the video by saying:

This video is symbolic in suggesting Florences 'spiritual awakening', as her characters are receiving what seems to be a masonic ritual- or an initiation ritual. This could suggest Florence is giving herself to a new, more spiritualist orientated lifestyle. This cooperates with her different attire shown throughout the video. The vast majority within the video consists of being set in a masquerade ball, to which different personalities of Florence attends, presumably the 'before' and 'after' her spiritual enlightenment. Her different personalities reflect different meanings. For instance, the costume in mise en scene is crucial throughout the video. We first see Florence in a champagne coloured dress, this could suggest her shy and timid disposition. The image below cooperates with this point, where the innocent Florence cautiously walks into the room filled with several masked characters- suggesting she is hesitant in crossing into the 'unknown'. Another generic convention to consider is the lighting used throughout the video. It is clear to see that the lighting is very 'warm'- all of the colours have a soft golden tint. This is presumably used to add a mysterious tint throughout the video, representing the idea that the artist is stumbling into an unknown location that could represent safety, likewise it could represent the false impressions of safety. 

Another one of Florence's 'characters' is supposedly possessed by a demon, she shows this through her frantic movements and her 'lusty' red dress. The audience understand that she is being possessed regularly throughout the video as she shows unnatural movements and expressions throughout the red dress scenes. This contrasts the timid champagne wearing Florence that the audience see in the beginning of the clip.

The final character within the video is the 'angelic' Florence- presumably the outcome of the attended ritual. Florence runs out of the house and is then found climbing a tree- this suggests that she has become closer to heaven through the ritual. The mage below is a good example of this, where it is so picturesque the image looks like a traditional religious painting, with Florence is a glowing angel that is admired by the other heavenly figures. 

This sequence of shots portray Florence as a spiritualistic and naturalistic character, through her long, loose fitting dresses and angelic movements. This is important in maintaining her image and uniqueness through the audience interpretation of her characteristics as a person and an artist. This cooperates with Dyers star theory in that to maintain her persona, Florence must hold her traits to remain an icon to the general public that listen to her music. 

Recurring screen shots that appear often within this video are long shots and mid shots, this is to show Florence's outfits alongside her background. For instance, a variety of shots within this video consists of showing florence in glamourous dresses in luxurious events and backgrounds to highlight her glamorous and unique lifestyle. The mid shots and long shots are also intended to present the artists emotions to the audience- highlighting her vulnerable state. This enables the audience to sympathise for the artists insecure state. 

Florence's unique dress sense and spiritualistic disposition builds a relationship with her audience. Her target audience would be those who prefer indie rock/ electronic/ pop, this is because Florence's music, and Cosmic Love, caters for different genres. This also adds to her music video in creating in-depth and diverse music videos, to connect with the viewers as they are intrigued by her nature and attitudes. 

Music video analysis 2- Kiss with a Fist


This video is one of Florence's earlier videos. The setting is all white with a few props- this draws full attention to the artist and how she makes use of the props displayed. Florence portrays a cheeky attitude throughout the video. Her clothing is colourful and presents her 'quirky' attitude. The music conforms to the lyrics- for instance- when she says 'Set fire to our bed'- a plastic substitute for fire begins to emerge from the bed. This goes alongside Goodwins' theory of parallel lyrics and sequences. 

The white background presents a neutral tone throughout the video, and as previously mentioned, enables the viewer to focus on the artist. The props are simple items, such as a bed, a garland, pinyata's and Chinese lanterns. These are random items but are well suited to the theme and style of the music video.

The pace of the editing is well suited to the rhythm of the music. It is swift and a simple cut, which reflects the up beat song and the minimalist theme within the video. 

The different shots are used to show the artists quirky disposition. The long shots are used to show her outfits, that are peculiar to the average person but shows this artists unique style.

The mid shots are intended to show Florences' facial expressions. The heart shaped garland is humorous to the viewer as the prop creates a comical irony- as the heart shape goes against the theme of abuse that she is singing about. This shows that she has an up beat and humorous outlook to the relationship she is singing about- perhaps implying that her partner is a 'joke' to her- and that the whole relationship is an arms race.

Analysing Florence + The machine has given me a good understanding of her typical conventions within her music videos. I feel that I am able to create a music video that will suit the style of Florence's music videos. Her use of clothing to influence the narrative (such as in  Cosmic Love) has inspired me to remain cautious about the choice of clothing. For example, I feel that when the artist shows herself as being isolated, she will wear dark clothing to show how she is confided in herself. The lighting at the beginning of the project will be quite dark to reflect her sadness, this will inform the viewer that she is upset within her life, and when her life feels as though it is 'turning around'- the brightness and saturation of the footage will be increased in order to leave the viewer feeling more optimistic about the characters lifestyle. Through analysing these music videos, I feel that placing the footage in public locations will add a greater sense of the artist being more in-touch and relatable to the viewers, this links to Dyers star theory- my artist is more realistic and evades moulding herself to be idolised by the public, instead she reenforces the idea that she is just the same as every body else. The use of the rose in my own footage may be linked to the display of flowers seen within 'Kiss with a fist'. As previously stated, the garland is seen as ironic to the viewer, whereas in my piece the iconography will have a more insightful meaning to symbolise her life being 'torn apart' then reversed into being put back together.
I feel that the mise-en-scene of my production will be heavily influenced by the analysis of my chosen artist- 'Florence + The Machine'.

Pie Charts

These pie charts were created by examining the results from the Questionnaire (See http://whhssimmonsmmusicvideo.blogspot.co.uk/2012/10/questionnaire.html) 

Voxpop Interviews

These interviews were filmed by Eden and myself, after struggling to find people willing to be interviewed without disturbing their lesson, we have gathered a sum of results that are helpful to our research. These are a few small examples of a mixture of people who are familiar and who are not familiar with 'Florence + The Machine'. 

As you can see, Eden and I have gathered information from a variety of age groups. This collection of information has been helpful in planning our music video in the idea that we have reached to some of our target audience and understood what the population of Florence fans are familiar with in the vast collection of music.

Questionnaire

Questionnaires are important within our project for us to ensure complete viewer satisfaction in our music video. Handing this questionnaire out has helped us in understanding what the public look for in a video- we are also more familiar with the popularity of 'Florence + The Machine'. 

Eden and I shared the tasks of the creation, distribution and collection of the questionnaires, in doing so, we have been able to collect a sufficient amount of data that we will consider within making the videos.

We sent 40 copies of this questionnaire around to discover percentage of people who are familiar with Florence + The Machines music, as well as various questions to identify popular music genres and the general publics preferred taste in music videos. These have proved helpful in getting used to considering the target audience for our music video.

Should Music Videos Be Censored?

cen·sor·ship

Noun:

The practice of officially examining books, movies, etc., and suppressing unacceptable parts.

Although music is a form of expression, some artists choose to express themselves in a way found offensive to others. If this offense is taken so seriously, the record label are target to a large amount of public objection, thus decreasing the artists popularity and the crushing of their reputation. With this in mind, OFCOM was created. OFCOM are a company that manage the censorship of music and their videos and other media publications that are released to the general public. If a song is deemed inappropriate, OFCOM are legally allowed to halt the publication of the project or refuse permission for it to be broadcasted. Some institutions or artists choose to censor their music even if the government decide not to, for example, Cee Lo Greens 'Forget you' was made famous on the radio, however its original version was explicit in the respects that the song was really named 'Fuck you'- but for the use of radio publication it was changed for a broader audience. Despite OFCOM being able to control the publication of media, they do find great difficulty in controlling the internet, where anything and everything can be leaked illegally.

Censorship was even around in the 1940's, with "When I'm cleaning windows" by George Formby for the lyrics;

"The blushin' bride, she looks divine

The bridegroom he is doin' fine

I'd rather have his job than mine

When I'm cleanin' windows"

These lyrics suggested that Formby peered through windows and spied on people whilst cleaning windows, this caused upset and therefore was refused publication. By listening to songs such as Rihanna's 'S&M', it is easy to see how the publics idea of 'irresponsible' behavior has shifted and become slightly more open minded. In 1977, famous band 'The Sex Pistols' were  refused broadcasting their song 'God save the Queen' simply for its obtuse attitude towards the Queen. Another song removed from publication was 'Frankie Goes to Hollywood's 'Relax', for the references of undertaking sexual activities. 

Rihanna's 'We found love' was only played on MTV after the watershed hours, as it promoted the indications of public destruction, gambling, drug use, shoplifting, the use of openly playing with fireworks, sexual references and other rebellious actions that surprisingly, cause upset to a vast majority of people. Another good example of the denial of publication would be The Strokes 'New York city cops'. This song was delayed from being published in America after the 9/11 attacks, as it was seen as too insensitive and inappropriate to be played straight after the attack. The chorus is a repeat of;

"New York City cops

New York City cops

They ain't too smart"

Although the lyrics were not aimed at the cops and the events of 9/11, publication was still delayed due to the attacks. This is a good example of how music is controlled to avoid public upset.

The artist 'Eminem' also sparks a great deal of controversy within his music and his videos. Nearly all of his videos contain offensive content, some more than others. One of his biggest public scenes was from his music video of 'Lose it'. Within the content of the video, there are repetitive links to Michael Jackson. The two major keys that sparked this uproar were from two features- Jacksons nose falls off- suggesting Michael had had so much plastic surgery that he had become so fake his features were even falling off. The latter insult at the end of the film is much more offensive, it is bringing up the accusations of Jackson being 'over friendly' with young children, as he is sitting on the edge of the bed (noseless) with four young children behind him. Obviously, to Jackson fans, this was extremely degrading to the artist as it has implications of a serious matter.

The majority of accusations he gained were from parents of children, or people complaining that Eminems straightforward lyrics and edgy language has become the cause and influence of many rebellious teenagers. He raps about drugs, sex, violence and personal family issues. In class, we took the roles of different groups of people and made arguements for and against Eminems music. 

Parents-

For-
"It is not the music that is influencial to the postmodern society. It is all dependant on the parents to ensure a childs upbringing is proper. Parents should make it clear to their children that they are lyrics of someone else's life, and they should not copy things Eminem raps about. Eminem raps about things that have happened to him in the streets, you're child is likely to be exposed to these same dangers walking through the high-road. Blocking Eminems music from your childs iPod is simply taking away what they hear, but they can still see it. Another point is that, even if they are not listening to the music at home, there is nothing to say they do not listen to it at school with their friends. Like it or not, children will be exposed to crude language and distressing stories. It's just how they perceive this, which again, relates back to how the child is brought up."

Against-
"We do not let our child listen to the crude language and talk of sex, drugs and violence. It is an awful influence, as children look to Eminem as an idol. Children pick up on lyrics and repeat them, this encourages bad language and subjection to verbal abuse. His lyrics are disgusting, crude and offensive, and we do not want this sort of attitude to rub off on our children."

Teenagers

For-
"I love Eminems music. I am not influenced by what he has done of what he says, I find it interesting to see how he expresses himself and tells the listeners about his life stories. It's unfair that people try to censor him and block his music, it's taking away his freedom of speech. If you don't like it, don't listen to it. I get told off if I am caught listening to his music, but it's not my fault he swears and says crude things, I enjoy his music and I am not going to let a swear word change my opinion of his song."

Against-
"I don't listen to his music, I'm not particularly interested in the music and I am not affected by his lyrics. I think some people are influenced by his lyrics however, some may idolise him too much. I find his language too offensive and dirty."

Eminem himself

"I do not write my lyrics to offend people. I write about my personal experiences, or what I find funny. I know some of my material is offensive to some but it's only a joke, I am not writing it out of spite. Children are not influenced by my music, they should understand I am plainly speaking my mind, it is up to the parents to keep them clear from my music if they are not happy with it, but by word of mouth the likelihood is that people will still hear it. I find video games much more influential, as the children learn how to actually conflict damage to people. It is only music."

Kiss Radio
"We censor Eminems music before the watershed hours. We play whatever songs are on the charts, and when Eminem is, we will play his music. His music appeals to the vast majority of our audience so they do not find his music offensive. We enjoy his music."

Shady Records
"We promote Eminems lyrics, as he is singing about life experiences and real life situations. He does not write his music to offend or influence teenagers in a bad light. We understand his music can be crude from time to time, but Eminem has freedom of speech."

Personally, I do not find Eminems lyrics offensive. In rare cases, they may be influential. His music is written to entertain and tell stories of his own life, he does this by expressing himself in rap, a talent which many people do not have- It is freedom of speech. I understand parents not wanting a 7 year old to be repeating certain lyrics, infact I agree they should not, but it should be recognised that children are guaranteed to be listening to and repeating crude language regularly at school and in the streets. It doesn't matter when they hear it so long as they know it is only someones personal story. Like a point made earlier, I feel it is the parents job to make it clear that children should by no means start idolising Eminem to the extent that they imitate his actions. it is up to how a child is brought up and that they understand it is not to be copied, but to be enjoyed. 

Music Genre Analysis- Flo Rida

Flo Rida- Club Can't Handle Me

 

 

This is a pop/ RNB music video performed by Flo Rida. Using the PEER format, I have been able to analyse the music video of 'Club can't handle me'.

 

 

One of the first effects used in this music video is slow motion. This shows two expensive cars opening the doors for unseen people. The cars are surrounded by people on the outside of what looks like a warehouse with extravigate lighting coming from inside. This suggests to the viewers that the people with the cars are extremely well-off and main features to the apparent party. The gold car could connote wealth, and the black could connote a sleak, stylish appeal.

 

Another effect used in the music video consists of changing the lens colour to a red. Within the video, there are two characters that are clear to have feelings for eachother. This is suggested by the red colour, connoting love and passion. This colour also helps to promote the party, as it is suggested that the lighting would be expensive, and as it is there, a lot of money has been invested into the night. This all adds to the entertainment of the video for the audience as it promotes a narrative in the story whilst showing the glamour and expense that is usually seen within an RNB video.

There are several close-ups of the artist within the music video. He wears expensive clothing, jewellery and sunglasses to promote his wealthy and stylish lifestyle to the audience. The lighting reflects on his sunglasses giving the 'eclipse' effect- this means that the reflection of the lighting looks like stars, which is what the director wants the audience to see- 'the star'. Behind Flo Rida, there are people clubbing. This is intended to show the fun and appeal of the party lifestyle which RNB often promotes in their videos. The close up is also meant to show the artist having a fun time, proving that it is a light, entertaining video that the audience envy.

This is a long-shot that shows Flo Rida being the 'centre of attention' in the grand party they are holding. He is surrounded by a sea of hands, exposing his popularity within the public and music industry. The lights in the background almost create a silhouette of Rida and the two female dancers in the back, adding diversity to the video. Again, this shot promotes the partying lifestyle that so many crave, and Rida is suggesting that fame brings these special and fun novelties.

Many Mise-en-scene aspects are also used to promote the wealth of the artist- for example, towards the end everyone seems to be popping open champagne bottles. This obviously promotes wealth and the luxurious effects of fame. Flo Rida is also seen wearing clothing such as designer red leather jackets, gold chains and ray band glasses. This shows his casual attire in the party scene helps him to blend in with the crowd, whilst also showing his expensive taste.

This video also has several clips from a famous dance film "Step Up 2: The Streets". This suggests that the video promotes the film, and vice versa. This gives the music video a narrative as well as a performance based design. Women are seen regularly in this clip in a provocative manor, this falls into the category of vouyerism that is so well known to be in RNB music videos.



Music Genre Analysis- RNB- Drake

Drake- Over

This is an RNB song, with a concept based video performed by 'Drake'. Using the PEER format, I have been able to analyse the music video 'Over'. 

The very first shot is a mid shot, which establishes that the artist- Drake- is sitting on the edge of a bed, the lighting suggests the general tone of the video will be a dark, dismal performance or theme. The room is basically parallel, all of this could establish with the audience that he feels isolated from the world and 'everything is re-occuring or the same'. 

There are also many different close-ups of the artist, this could relate to the audience in conveying his deep, emotional feelings about the rise of fame he is singing about. These close ups build a relationship with the artist and audience as it gains Drake empathy and relations in mood. 

One edit important within the video would be the showing of lyrics. This connects with the audience and involves them with the opportunity of joining in with singing along, they can also relate with the lyrics, this is one method of making the song catchy to the audience, and can almost guarantee that person will re-listen to the song. 

Another interesting editing skill within this image would be the crossing of images. As previously mentioned, we have the lyrics placed on the screen. As well as that, you can see the artist on the left side and fire on the right. This is splitting the screen with different images. The fire could suggest drakes 'burning anguish', or his temper which would match the song. Looking at his face, the audience understand that the lyrics are meaningful to the artist, which therefore matches the lyrics (as so shown as 'pain' in the image). We are also shown, over this, the image of smashing glass, this could represent his break-down of emotions or crushed spirit within the fame industry. This helps the audience to relate to his emotions and link the lyrics that follow through in the video.

There are many different mise-en-scene techniques used within the video. For instance, the use of projecting images into the bedroom is used to create a diverse and interesting effect. The images in the background also link within the lyrics, such as the 'rush hour' of blurred mirages of people walking around him in dark greys and navies. This could suggest he feels isolated from society, alone and that time is rushing by swiftly. It also relates to the lyrics "I know way too many people here last year that I didn't know last year..."as this suggests a vast number of strangers running in and out of his life, and he finds it goes past like a blur. 

The colours used throughout the video are mainly dark and dismal, however Drake is regularly seen in a white hoodie and shirt, this could represent strength and his motivation to eventually carry on with his career in fame (relating to the lyrics). 

There is voyeurism within the video too, as Drake sees a woman in a sexual light. In this way, the video conforms to its RNB stereotype of showing women in a sexual and provocative manor. 

Music Genre Analysis- Indie Rock- The Killers

The Killers- Mr Brightside

This is an indie/ rock genre performed by The Killers. Using the PEER format, I have been able to analyse the music video 'Mr Brightside'. 

There are many different camera shots throughout the music video. Two of the most important shots portrayed may be the establishing shot and the close up. The establishing shot is used to convey to the audience exactly where the setting is- in this case, the storyline is performed in a theatrical brothel- intended to resemble the famous 'Moulin Rouge'. This shot is important in setting the entire scene for the video, as it "sets the scene" for the audience. It also related to the rock/ indie genre, as it is different and dramatic to the audience. 

The second important camera age is of the protagonist/ lead singer looking towards his "lover" performing with another man. The shady eyes and darkness around him, added with his facial expression shows to us that he is extremely jealous. Close ups of this nature are repetitive in this video, as it really portrays his jealousy to the audience. The nature of these shots also relate to the lyrics;

"And I just can't look,

It's killing me

And taking control.

Jealousy,

Turning saints into the sea"

The mise-en-scene throughout the video is also very respectable. The costumes add a diversity to the video, which therefore intrigues the audience into watching the entire clip. The costume also suggests to the audience that it is a narrative styles video as it has a story line throughout. The theatrical costumes make it clear to the audience that the music is a bit "off the rails" to what one may normally find. They also convey the fact that it is intended to replicate the french 'Moulin Rouge'. To summarise, the iconography is used to portray to the audience that the video takes place inside a burlesque show.
Apples are frequently shown in this video. The antagonist of the story- the pimp- throws the apples to the available escorts to tell them to do their job with a customer who is waiting. The mentioning of apples could arguably have two intertextual meanings, one meaning links to the fairy tale 'snow white', however it is given a darker nature, so begs the question whether the characters will get their "happily ever after". The second relates to the biblical story of Adam and Eve, where the temptation of 'the apple' causes destruction and changes the outcome of future events. The deep red of the apples also help to suggest to the audience the women's duties, as red is typically a connotation of lust and passion, and as they are thrown the apples they are inclined to 'please' customers. 

One effect used in editing is a translucent double-cross of images. For example, when the protagonist and antagonist are playing an intense game of checkers, a faded image of the "damsel in distress" is shown over the board. This most likely suggests that the characters are battling over 'owenership' of this woman, whether she stays in the escorting business or whether the singer can run away with her. The singer loses, and angrily knocks over the checkers board, this could sugges his defeat. The effect of this double-crossing image may indicate that they are metaphorically fencing for her ownership.

The pace of cutting fits in well with the video. The cuts help to convey the storyline to the audience and also enable the audience to understand how the characters feel, without any spoken dialogue in the video. An example of this would be when the antagonist throws an apple to the escort, there is a quick cut to the singers face to show he is watching her, his face is made of anguish and jealousy, and as the cut is not there for very long, the audience immediately know he is uncomfortable with the situaion. This creates a relationship between the protagonist and the audience as we are able to sympathise for the lead singer.

There are effects of voyeurism within the video, as the women are seen as sexual objects by the men, and they use provocative dancing and revealing undergarments to encourage this idea the men have portrayed. Something that challenges the stereotype of its indie rock nature is the fact that it is not a 'home made' video.